#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    int w;
    cin >> w;
    while (w--) {
        long long x;
        cin >> x;
        if (x==1) {
            cout << 0 << "\n";
            continue;
        }
        long long cnt=2, sum=2;
        while (sum<x) {
            sum*=2, cnt++;
        }
        cout << cnt << "\n";
        long long dif=sum-x, cur=1;
        for (long long i=cnt-2; i>=-1; i--) {
            if (i>=0 && (dif & 1<<i)) {
                cout << 2 << " ";
            } else {
                cout << 1 << " ";
            }
            cout << cur << "\n";
            cur++;
        }
    }
}