// Source: https://usaco.guide/general/io

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    #define int long long
	int n;cin>>n;
    vector<int> kettohatvany;
    int x=1;
    for(int i=0;i<70;i++){
        kettohatvany.push_back(x);
        x*=2;
    }
    while(n--){
        int y;cin>>y;
        if(y==1){
            cout<<0<<'\n';
        }
        int z=0;
        for(int i=0;kettohatvany[i]<y;i++){
            if(kettohatvany[i+1]>=y){
                z=i+1;
                break;
            }
        }
    //    cout<<z<<'\n'<<endl;
        int h=kettohatvany[z]-y;
        cout<<z+1<<'\n';
    //    cout<<"Ez itt h"<<h<<'\n';
        h=h<<1;
        int hhh=1;
        for(int i=z;i>=0;i--){
        //    cout<<(1&(h>>i))<<' ';
            if(1&(h>>i)){
                cout<<2<<' '<<hhh<<'\n';
            }else{
                cout<<1<<' '<<hhh<<'\n';
            }
            hhh++;
        }
    }
}

/*
1     1    1
1     1    1
2     2    2
4     4    3
8     7    6
16   15   13  
     29
1 1 1 3 6
*/